The international group of mainly Catholic bishops will use their journey around the region\u2019s beleaguered Christian communities to draw world attention to the harsh conditions faced by Iraqi Christians who were driven from their homes by the Isis advance in the summer of 2014.
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\nSome 80,000 Christian refugees fled Mosul and the Nineveh Plain under threat of forced conversion or execution but remain inside Iraq in the Kurdish capital of Irbil.<\/p>\n
Many of the further 8,000 who left for the Jordanian capital, Amman and have been living in churches or disused containers are now having to move into crowded, rented accommodation partly funded by the Catholic charity Caritas \u2013 while they hope for permits to allow them onward passage to North America and Australia.<\/p>\n
The British bishops among the group are expected to use their visit to renew calls for the UK Government to admit more than the 20,000 Syrian refugees so far agreed to by David Cameron.<\/p>\n
The bishops \u2013 who have Vatican backing \u2013 arrived in Amman on Sunday night after visiting both Gaza and the West Bank. They were turned back by Israeli troops while visiting West Bank farmland next to the Cremisan Monastery that has been seized by Israel to make way for the military\u2019s planned separation barrier.<\/p>\n
The Catholic Archbishop of Capetown, Stephen Brislin, said the army\u2019s \u201cshow of force\u201d and \u201cintimidation\u201d had reminded him of apartheid South Africa.<\/p>\n
Earlier they had been welcomed to a Friday mass at the Holy Family Latin church in Gaza City\u2019s Zeitoun neighbourhood by the parish priest, Father Mario da Silva, who pointed out that Pope Francis had designated 2016 as \u201cthe year of mercy\u201d. Observing that prison visiting was one of the Church\u2019s seven \u201ccorporal acts of mercy\u201d Fr Mario added: \u201cI thank you for visiting the biggest prison in the world.\u201d<\/p>\n
The message, delivered as the lights of the church\u2019s tall Christmas` tree still twinkled \u2013 out of respect for the sister Greek Orthodox church in Gaza, which celebrates the nativity a fortnight later than Catholics \u2013 was clear. It was that members of Gaza\u2019s ancient but now tiny Christian community of Palestinians \u2013 currently just 1,200 in all \u2013 fully share the plight of their 1.8 million Muslim co-habitants in the Hamas- controlled enclave after three wars, a nine-year Israeli trade embargo, draconian movement restrictions and a collapsed economy.<\/p>\n
The sole Anglican in the group, Christopher Chessun, the Bishop of Southwark, said he had been encouraged by a renewal of resilience among Gazans since last year which was \u201cdeeply impressive\u201d given \u201cthe pressures, difficulties and injustices\u201d they were suffering. But he said the \u201cdisproportionate interference\u201d in their daily lives meant there was \u201cstill a lid on Gaza,\u201d so that \u201cpeople of good will are being made to suffer\u201d. While the only possible rationale was a security one, he said, \u201cthere is a danger… that Israel becomes its own worst enemy because\u2026 it will compound bitterness and resentment.\u201d<\/p>\n
Six nuns belonging to Mother Theresa\u2019s Missionaries of Charity run Gaza\u2019s only residential home for severely disabled children, almost all from poor Muslim families. The school run by another order, the Sisters of the Rosary, serves 83 Christian children. But the large majority of the 900 pupils\u2013 aged from three to 16 \u2013 are Muslim. And the YMCA has a series of sports, psychosocial and citizenship programmes, some specifically targeting boys and young men among whom there is 60 per cent unemployment,<\/p>\n
All this helps to reinforce what seem generally pacific relations between Muslims and Christians in the enclave \u2013 if not always without strain for the latter. In 2006, when the Danish publication of Mohammed cartoons sparked Arab outrage, the Latin Church received faxed threats from what the then parish priest said were Fatah gunmen and members of Islamic Jihad\u2019s military wing. While Hamas organised a huge demonstration against the cartoons, its leader Mahmoud al-Zahar promised at a meeting with Gaza nuns that there would be protection for Christians who \u201care our brothers\u201d. Since then Dr Zahar\u2019s promise appears to have largely held good, despite sporadic incidents involving extremist groups assumed not to be answerable to the Hamas leadership, including the murder in October 2007 of the Baptist manager of a Christian bookshop, Facing similar restrictions, young Christians mix freely with Muslim classmates.<\/p>\n
\u201cIf I count them up I have three Christian friends and 13 Muslim ones,\u201d said one student, Vivian, who is half way through her pharmacy course at Gaza\u2019s al-Azhar university. She was refused an Israeli permit to join her parents on a Christmas visit to Jerusalem because she was under 35.<\/p>\n
The bishops visited the Gaza Strip village of Khouza, one of the most devastated during the 2014 war, where the Catholic Relief Services agency has built 145 of a total of 420 timber \u201ctransitional\u201d homes to replace those destroyed. CRS says it could have built 150 more had Israel not barred most wood imports.<\/p>\n
Archbishop Brislin said he detected a return of the \u201cspirit\u201d of Gazans, but added: \u201cThe conditions are still appalling… People still have the sense of their livelihoods being controlled by a foreign power\u201d and were asking \u201cwhen this will end?\u201d<\/p>\n
While personally refusing to buy goods made in the Israeli settlements, he said he did not favour South African-style sanctions at present. \u201cWe must keep the doors open… Western governments should be pushing both sides to start a peace process again.\u201d Meanwhile, as the clerics meet the refugees who fled Isis in Amman today, there is growing concern that Christians could miss out on resettlement in Britain because the accommodation provided by church organisations means they are not living in the UN camps from which Cameron has said refugees will come.<\/p>\n
The group leader, the Catholic Bishop of Clifton, Declan Lang, acknowledged that was a \u201cworry\u201d but said the bigger worry was the \u201calmost halving\u201d of sympathy for all refugees after the Paris massacres, and that European attitudes had \u201chardened\u201d against the refugees. \u201cWe must resist that temptation,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n
Bishop Lang said the refugee numbers heading for the UK must be kept under \u201cconstant review\u201d. The Bishop of Southwark said he was \u201cfully signed up\u201d to the request for the total to be raised to at least 50,000, \u201cbecause we have the capacity to do it. The Christian and other faith communities have the means to offer circles of hospitality, support and encouragement and help with [the refugees\u2019] integration in the life of our nation.\u201d<\/p>\n